2 : cause

This time, I’m going to write about process and cause of allergies.

Allergies are not congenital diseases. From arrived, touching various substance, It became sensitive to one’s particular substance and it causes allergic reaction.

Allergies are not congenital diseases but there is descent of predisposition. But it does not always come out. It is possible that you have the basic cause if you have relatives who has allergy if your parents doesn’t have allergies. This hereditary cause is said “atopic diathesis”. In certain circumstances, genealogy that has atopic diathesis, the baby may be caused allergy symptom by food the mother ate in mother’s milk.

Soybeans, milk, eggs and so on… foods what may be allergens are contain a lot of protein. It said that it is cause of food allergies.

Protein are decomposed into amino acids, it said polypeptide that amino acids are not fully decomposed. It is also said cause of food allergies.

Said simply, for living thing, allergies are prejudicial immune reaction.

First, I’m going to explain about it simply.

Essentially, immune reaction is helpful and indispensable operation for living thing. For example, it works to meet and neutralize and take out the foreign object (=antigen), and exclude it from internal for keep one’s body in tone and protect from harmful thing.

Immune reaction can be divided “humoral immunity” and “cellular immunity”. It is humoral immunity that immune reaction is by the substances called “antibody”.

I will explain with some illustrations that I drew very simply.

Humoral immunity works by some specific cells like these.

If any antigens invade in the body, macrophages will take in these and take these to bits. Next, macrophages inform helper T cell and B cell of information about these.

B cells unite with antigens.

Helper T cells propagate and secrete protein called interleukin, and be operated by interleukin, B cells differentiate into antibody producing cell and　turn out antibodies against the antigens. 

The antibodies unite with the antigens, and these are eaten by macrophages.

Some of B cells are turn into memory T cell and hold information about antigens a certain period.

This is normal process of humoral immunity.

Main human antibodies are divided five types (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE) and each of these unites with particular antigens. Antibodies called “IgG antibody” are main of humoral immunity, and called “IgE antibody” causes allergies. Who has atopic diathesis is liable to makes it a lot.

Next, I’m going to explain about allergic reaction.

In allergic reaction, macrophages take specific thing (allergen) for harmful antigen. Allergens itself are not harmful thing.

If particular allergens invade in the body, macrophages take in these and take these to bits and inform helper T cell and B cell of information about antigens just as normal humoral immunity.

Helper T cells secrete interleukin and operate B cells, but B cells turn out IgE antibodies. These unite with mast cells and activate. If allergens invade in the body again, the antibodies on mast cells unite with these allergens. Then mast cell break and give off chemical substances called “histamine”. These work to cause inflammation.

I referred to these websites.

http://www.esahi0330.com/food-allergies/

http://www.nsknet.or.jp/katoh/dietry.html

http://www.yamaguchi-naika.com/suko2-8/page2.html